Fausses idées sur le Lean management

Rédigé par admin27 le . 3 885 commentaires

Le Lean n’a pas que des adeptes. Loin de là. Les Lean-sceptiques, parfois par nature réfractaires au changement ou considérant les techniques de management comme principalement motivés par des objectifs exclusivement financiers donc désavantageux pour les travailleurs, considèrent le Lean comme un moyen supplémentaire de réduire les ressources humaines dans les entreprises. Et pourtant le Lean marche. Toyota, qui en fait usage depuis les années 1950, est à l’heure où ces lignes sont écrites le premier construction automobile mondial et l’un des plus performants économiquement, si ce n’est LE plus performant économiquement.

Le mieux est peut-être de prendre les choses à l’envers pour démythifier le Lean et expliquer ce qu’il n’est pas.

D’abord, le Lean n’est pas un moyen de réduire les effectifs. Il y a des outils beaucoup plus rapides et purement règlementaires pour y parvenir ! Au contraire, le Lean management permet aux employés de participer à l’amélioration de leurs propres méthodes de travail. Et lorsqu’un processus de travail exige moins de ressources humaines, la reconfiguration des macro-processus permet à l’entreprise de repositionner ses collaborateurs.

L’erreur serait de penser que parce qu’un employé peut faire plus, alors l’organisation n’a pas besoin des autres (on notera au passage que Toyota emploie 320 000 salariés à travers le monde). Ca n’est pas le cas. Dans la réalité, quand la productivité augmente, les salariés sont repositionnés afin de travailler à l’élaboration de nouveaux produits, sur de nouveaux processus de travail à plus forte valeur ajoutée pour le client, ou des fonctions pas assez pourvues.

Une autre fausse-idée concernant le Lean est qu’il ne fonctionnerait que dans les usines. Cette image est bien sûr due au fait que le Lean management soit né sur des chaînes de production automobiles, et qu’il soit surtout mis en avant par des sociétés industriellles.

Non, en fait le Lean apporte des résultats dans tout type d’organisation. Le secteur de la santé s’y intéresse de plus en plus. Les entreprises de distribution l’utilisent depuis un certain nombre d’années. Les banques et les compagnies d’assurance ont déployé des projets Lean. Il y a bien longtemps que les contructeurs aéronautiques emploient des cadres capables de promouvoir le Lean et de diriger des projets.

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